Emotionally-based school avoidance (EBSA) is a relatively new term used to describe children who don’t attend school due to what is generally described as an emotional barrier. It replaces the old label of ‘school refusal’ which implied that the student could but chose not to attend school. EBSA recognises that children ‘can’t’ rather than ‘won’t’ attend school. The number of children deemed EBSA is growing every year.
There is overlap between the three causes of EBSA for example an autistic child may also have experienced trauma, but there will be differences in approach depending on whether the key barrier is neurodiversity, trauma or anxiety.
In this series Michelle aims to improve understanding of Emotionally-Based School Avoidance (EBSA) specifically looking at what it is, how it can present, what the challenges in mainstream school can be and approaches that the school and family can take to support the child.
In this episode Michelle will look at students who are EBSA due to anxiety. She discusses how anxiety can present in a student’s behaviour, what to consider when working with anxious students and how the anxious student experiences mainstream schools.
This audio is aimed at education professionals and parents/guardians.
“This series has been invaluable. It has helped me make the decision to find a place in a special school over mainstream with my adopted daughter. Such an insightful series, thank you.” – Hub member
Episode 1 – EBSA and the neurodivergent student
Episode 3 – EBSA and the trauma experienced student
Episode 4 – How parents/carers can support children with EBSA
Episode 5 – How schools can support children with EBSA

Headteacher, alternative education provision centre
Michelle Masters has always been passionate about inclusion, firmly believing that all children should have the opportunity to belong to a community.
She initially began supporting SEN children in mainstream settings, before expanding support for children who have experienced trauma and who may have attachment difficulties.
Michelle has worked in education for 20 years and is currently the head of a special school for traumatised secondary school students.